What is the standard of proof in civil cases?

• A. Beyond a reasonable doubt
• B. Preponderance of the evidence
• C. Clear and convincing evidence
• D. Probable cause

Answer: (B)

In civil cases, the standard of proof is that the evidence must show the claim is more likely true than not. This is called proving by a preponderance of the evidence: if the scales tip slightly in the plaintiff’s favor, that’s enough to win. It’s a lower threshold than in criminal cases, where guilt must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt—a much stronger showing. There are civil situations where a higher standard is required, known as clear and convincing evidence, but that applies only in specific contexts and is not the default rule. Probable cause pertains to police actions like arrests and searches, not to how civil trials are decided.